![]() It is unlikely that eyewitnesses would be able to accurately recall all details of an event. These details are often crucial pieces of information used in investigations and in the context of legal proceedings. They are questioned repeatedly and are required to remember small, potentially peripheral, details of crimes, such as the identities of other potential eyewitnesses, and more central details, such as the type of weapons present. We will conclude by presenting how future research may tease apart the independent contributions of arousal and stress on attentional failures and successes and how this research may inform understanding of eyewitness reliability.Įyewitnesses, including those who may also be victims of crimes, are expected to remember relevant and accurate information regarding their witnessed crimes. In addition, we will integrate the applied literature on attentional failures with literature that examines the influences of arousal and stress on attention. This review will discuss the impact of attentional failures, mainly those resulting from inattentional blindness, in applied contexts in order to bridge to eyewitness scenarios. Surprisingly, few studies have investigated attentional failures in eyewitness scenarios, and none have investigated the relationship between stress, attention, and witness memory. Amongst eyewitnesses, this can lead to individuals missing details, even unusual or important central details, regarding the crime. Attentional failures may result in individuals missing something unusual or important in a complex visual field. We argue that acute stress, often experienced by eyewitnesses and victims of crimes, directly influences attentional processes, which likely has downstream consequences for memory. The present review will discuss two such important factors, attention failures and stress. These failures and distortions are influenced by several factors. Cognitive Aging and Memory Laboratory, Department of Psychology, Tufts University, Medford, MA, United StatesĮyewitnesses are often susceptible to recollection failures and memory distortions.“A judge once used the refrain, “the king is not above the law.” Well if King George III can’t be above the law then neither can a president or former president,” Krastenberg said. While this case is still ongoing, the extent of its impact is big. “There could be an indictment against the former president and others on his staff which could lead to a criminal trial or some type of negotiation.” ![]() “One possibility is that information was recovered that should not have been in the president’s possession that violated the Presidential Records Act and is a crime but is a very low-lying crime so maybe nothing happens,” Krastenberg said. There are numerous possibilities of what could come next in this investigation. “If information were to be released it could be considerable harm to the national security of the United States.” He also explained that parts of it were top secret. “The affidavit was released to the extent it could be,” Kastenberg said. The Justice Department has different reasons for censoring most of this document. “Normally affidavits don’t get released to the public at this stage the public,” Krastenberg said. ![]() KOB’s legal expert and UNM law professor, Josh Kastenberg, explained why the public release of this document was unusual. Across the 32-page document, the majority of the information is redacted with black lines. – With former President Trump’s affidavit being publicly released just a few days ago, a lot of the information in the document is still not available to read.
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